Новости за 29.08.2022

ROBE Array, a breakthrough low-memory training technique for deep-learning recommendation models, could put one of the most resource-intensive forms of artificial intelligence within reach of small companies.

News headlines on extreme weather, melting ice caps, and threatened species are daily reminders of our changing environment. The profound scale and intensity of these challenges may leave one to wonder, 'What should we do first?' Researchers recently developed formulas that help answer that question, effectively creating a method to triage declining ecosystems by measuring and comparing their distance to tipping points.

People with dementia often lose their ability to communicate verbally with loved ones. But a new study shows how that gap can be bridged with a new music intervention. Music memories remain in the brain after patients lose language. A live ensemble played music from a patient's youth. This created an emotional connection between a patient and their caregiver by allowing them to interact with the music together via singing, dancing and playing simple instruments.

A small device that detects food craving-related brain activity in a key brain region, and responds by electrically stimulating that region, has shown promise in a pilot clinical trial in two patients with loss-of-control binge eating disorder (BED), according to researchers.

Children with Down syndrome prefer food with a crispy, oily mouthfeel and don't like brittle or gooey foods. But those preferences can lead to a less nutritious diet, according to new research.

Researchers have developed AquaApp, a mobile app for acoustic-based communication and networking underwater that can be used with existing devices such as smartphones and smartwatches.

In Gram-negative bacteria, which include some of the most devastating human pathogens, just two mechanisms for the export of polysaccharides have been identified so far. Now a research team has identified an entirely novel third mechanism for how polysaccharides are exported. These findings pave the way toward a complete understanding of the mechanisms that mediate the protection, motility and interaction of many bacterial pathogens.

Astronomers have discovered a rare celestial jewel -- a so-called Planetary Nebula (PN) inside a 500 million-year-old Galactic Open Cluster (OC) called M37 (also known as NGC2099). This is a very rare finding of high astrophysical value.

Heart attacks in women are more likely to be fatal than in men. The reasons are differences in age and in comorbidity burden which makes risk assessment in women a challenge. Researchers have now developed a novel artificial-intelligence-based risk score that improves personalized care for female patients with heart attacks.

The earlier individuals develop Type 2 diabetes or hypertension in life, the earlier they are likely to develop primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, researchers report.

Inactivation of a particular protein complex that plays a key role in keeping genes switched off leads to nerve cells not producing enough essential neurotransmitters. This could be part of the explanation for diseases such as Parkinson's as well as anxiety disorders.

A new study has found that the risk of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), or long COVID, in children appears to be lower than what has been reported in adults. However, more children have long COVID than those kids who are hospitalized with acute COVID-19.

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) are a promising next-generation solar power technology, but they suffer from dye aggregation on electrodes, which reduces charge carriers and the conversion efficiency. Fortunately, scientists have now found a simple way to prevent the aggregation by modifying the electrode's surface with ionic liquids. Stable and eco-friendly, these versatile compounds demonstrate excellent anti-aggregation effects, boosting the performance of DSSCs and opening doors to affordable green energy.

A single mutation in a gene, Kcnc3, which encodes a potassium channel in neurons, causes learning deficits in mice, researchers report in a new study. The novel mutation decreases the activity of neurons in the hippocampus, the area of the brain important for learning and memory, and highlights a new role for potassium channels.

An international consortium of researchers has identified genetic variants in 10 genes that elevate a person's susceptibility to Crohn's disease, a form of inflammatory bowel disease. The findings highlight the causal role of mesenchymal cells in intestinal inflammation, helping to zero in on the genetic roots of inflammatory bowel disease.

Bacterial meningitis is a life-threatening infectious disease of the brain that leaves many survivors with long-lasting neurological impairments. Now, researchers show in a study on rats that the brain's tool for waste clearance, the glymphatic system, malfunctions during bacterial meningitis, causing a buildup of toxic garbage that damages brain cells.

Brief exposure with rapamycin has the same positive effects on lifespan and health in old age as a lifelong treatment, researchers show in fruit flies and mice. Rapamycin is currently the most promising anti-aging drug. To maximize the medicine's effectiveness, it is often administered for life. However, even at low doses used to prevent age-related decline, side effects can occur. Therefore, the shorter duration of treatment may make it more likely to be used in humans.

Scientists have developed a mathematical description of what happens within tiny magnets as they fluctuate between states when an electric current and magnetic field are applied. Their findings could act as the foundation for engineering more advanced computers that can quantify uncertainty while interpreting complex data.

Sea ice levels in the Arctic Ocean are rapidly declining, due to global warming. Now, to understand and forecast the growth and decay of the ice, researchers have conducted a survey in the Arctic Ocean to investigate the influence of ocean heat on sea ice in the ice-ocean boundary layer. Their findings provide insights into the mechanisms of Arctic sea ice decline for making accurate predictions in the future regarding the global climate.

Scientists developed a simple, rapid method for identifying food poisoning-inducing bacteria based on color differences in the scattered light of composite structures consisting of gold, silver, and copper nanoparticles and polymer particles. Using these composites as test labels bound to specific bacteria, the researchers detected food poisoning bacteria E. coli O26, E. coli O157, and S. aureus as white, red, and blue scattered light, respectively, under the microscope. This new method enables simultaneous... Читать дальше...