Новости за 22.08.2022

Mutations within Speckled Protein 140 (SP140) are associated with an increased risk of certain immune diseases, including Crohn’s disease. New research provides insights into the mechanisms behind this link, pointing to potential therapeutic targets.

Physicists demonstrate how atoms can be pumped through a synthetic crystal without having to apply any external periodic driving. These experiments combine several key aspects of quantum many-body physics in unexpected ways, thus paving a novel path to understanding and creating exotic states of quantum matter.

A new study found that the medication combination glecaprevir and pibrentasvir had the strongest association with PTSD symptom improvement among the DAAs most prescribed in the VA.

The UK Government's current proposal to fortify one type of flour with folic acid is inadequate as it suggests a low dose that would fail to prevent hundreds of cases of severe birth defects each year, according to a new paper.

Brain tumors may create interactions that hide them from the body's defenses. They can adapt to treatment by recruiting help from nearby healthy tissue. These interactions could be why these deadly cancers recur in almost all cases.

People with serious food allergies face potentially fatal consequences if they're accidentally exposed to triggering foods. But tests in allergic mice show that swallowing a form of butyrate -- a compound produced by healthy gut bacteria -- offers protection against peanut allergy, scientists report. The treatment might also counteract other food allergies, as well as inflammatory diseases.

Lithium can alleviate the symptoms of bipolar disorder and depression -- if taken in just the right amount. To precisely monitor the amount of this medication in the body, patients must undergo blood tests. But today, scientists report the development of a tiny sensor that detects lithium levels from sweat on the surface of a fingertip in about 30 seconds, without a trip to the clinic.

Many consumers hesitate to make the switch to electric vehicles. One reason is that it takes longer to power up an electric car than to gas up a conventional one. But charging too fast can damage the battery and reduce its lifespan. Now, scientists report they've designed superfast charging methods tailored to power different electric vehicle batteries in 10 minutes or less without harm.

Studies have shown that pollution disproportionately affects communities where economically disadvantaged people and Hispanic, Black and Asian people live. Scientists have begun documenting these disparities in detail, but information on daily variations has been lacking. Today, scientists report preliminary work calculating how inequities in exposure fluctuate daily across 11 major U.S. cities. And in some places, climate change could exacerbate these differences.

Marijuana and hallucinogen use in the past year reported by young adults 19 to 30 years old increased significantly in 2021 compared to five and 10 years ago, reaching historic highs in this age group since 1988, according to a recent study.

Researchers have successfully synthesized fumarate (fumaric acid), a raw material for unsaturated polyester resin, by combining carbon dioxide (CO2) with pyruvate (derived from biomass), using two biocatalysts: malate dehydrogenase and fumarase. Fumarate is currently used to make biodegradable plastic like polybutylene succinate from petroleum. However, this research has enabled the synthesis of fumarate without petroleum, consuming only CO2 and biomass-derived pyruvate.

Larvae with extremely inflated trunks, fossilized in amber, are giving zoologists insights into the evolution and lifestyle of early lacewings.

New research has revealed how the tau protein, a critical element in the formation of Alzheimer's disease, is also involved in normal learning processes in the healthy brain -- potentially providing a focal point for future drug therapies.

Accepted theories of how people's visual attention behaves in situations with lots of stimuli, such as crossing a busy street, may need to be rethought.

Likely in order to survive in the oral cavity, bacteria evolved to divide along their longitudinal axis without parting from one another. Environmental cell biologists and microbial geneticists have just published their new insights. In their work, they described the division mode of these caterpillar-like bacteria and their evolution from a rod-shaped ancestor. They propose to establish Neisseriaceae oral bacteria as new model organisms that could help pinpoint new antimicrobial targets.

The missing step in the formation of a lipid molecule that allows certain single-celled organisms to survive the most extreme environments on Earth has now been deciphered.

Using our own smartphone -- but not a stranger's phone -- pushes us into an individualistic mindset that has us prefer products and services that are rare, special or customized to our personality.

The introduction of Texas pumas to Florida in the 1990s as part of a genetic rescue may have helped save Florida panthers from extinction, but it also brought some harmful mutations with it along the way. Researchers show that nearly half of the harmful mutations found in recent Florida panthers came from the introduced Texas pumas, as well as from Central American pumas that were released into Everglades National Park in the 1950s and 1960s.

Plastic upcycling efficiently converts plastics to valuable commodity chemicals while using less of the precious metal ruthenium. The method could recycle waste plastic pollution into useful products, helping keep it out of landfills.

In planetary disks, carbon monoxide is lurking in large chunks of ice, solving the decade-old question, 'Where is the CO?'

Scientists show that there is a close association between clinical cases of COVID-19 and viral loads in wastewater, with the viral loads picking up to two days before the cases were detected.

Scientists have identified a group of latent stem cells that respond to injury in the central nervous system of mice. If a similar type of cell exists in humans, they could offer a new therapeutic approach to treat brain and spinal cord injuries.

With super-resolution imaging, researchers discovered that cells change the physical structure of their genome when they're affected by disease.

Brain cells with the same 'birthdate' are more likely to wire together into cooperative signaling circuits that carry out many functions, including the storage of memories, a new study finds.

Humans aren't the only ones suffering through unprecedented heatwaves in a warming climate. Consider the humble minnow. These tiny fish represent the all-important base of the food chain in many freshwater ecosystems. And like all fish, minnows adjust their body temperature to match their surroundings. As climate change turns up the heat, could minnows cook?