Новости за 15.05.2024

A pioneering study published in Oikos has revealed novel insights into how a select group of birds in the Amazon rainforest, known as terrestrial insectivores, is coping with the ever-increasing threats posed by global climate change.

In order for Germany to become climate neutral by 2045, CO2 emissions must first be drastically and permanently reduced. However, CDR measures alone cannot remove the large quantities of CO2 that are emitted in Germany. It is assumed that they can offset only approx. 5–15% of the current emissions.

"Dust clouds" at the bottom of the deep sea, that will be created by deep-sea mining activities, descend at a short distance for the most part. That is shown by Ph.D. research of NIOZ marine geologist Sabine Haalboom, on the bottom of the Pacific Ocean.

Some proteins shift their shape when exposed to different temperatures, revealing previously unknown binding sites for medications, new research has found.

Scenario earthquakes are useful in assessing earthquake hazards along active faults. However, determining the sources of destructive scenario earthquakes, particularly when dealing with heterogeneous stresses, can be challenging.

Computable general equilibrium (CGE) model is an important policy guidance tool for pollution reduction and emission control objectives. An article, published in Energy and Climate Management, introduces the economic module, energy module, macroscopic closure, dynamic mechanism, algorithm and back-of-the-envelope of a CGE. Then, it shows how to extend the CGE to carbon tax and carbon trading market, energy rebound effect, environmental tax and disclosure, and carbon neutral strategies.

Gang Shao's group from Zhengzhou University, China recently investigated the structural evolution of pentagonal polymer-derived SiAlBCN ceramics (PDCs) and outlined PDC-based sensor technology for high-temperature extreme environments. The high-performance temperature sensing materials including high sensitivity, fast response, wide detection range are scarce and needing.

Payment for Ecosystem Services programs (PES) are important tools that governments around the world use to improve water quality, protect forests and wildlife habitat, and sequester carbon. Under these programs, landowners—usually farmers—are paid to use their land in ways that protect or restore the environment, such as replacing row crops with trees or grassy zones adjacent to waterways. Many PES program contracts last 5 to 20 years, but participant drop out rates have consistently risen over the years.

Democratic countries should rely on international law and improve their legal resilience to tackle the grave security threats caused by worsening relations between great powers, new research shows.

Access to gardens and citizen science projects at school can help promote pro-conservation behavior among pupils, a new study shows.

The reintroduced Colorado wolf found dead last month in Larimer County likely died after being attacked by a mountain lion, according to a necropsy conducted by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

Fire ants form rafts to survive flooding, but how do those bonds work? And what can we learn from them? A Binghamton University, State University of New York professor is researching those questions to expand our knowledge of materials science.

Brassica has long been of paramount importance to agriculture and human nutrition, containing diverse popular crops such as kale, cauliflower, rapeseed, turnip, pak choi, cabbage, mustard, and choy sum, which are of high economic value worldwide. Till now, the genomes of more than 20 Brassica rapa crops have been assembled. However, fully complete genomes of B. rapa have yet to be assembled.

Employers who want to attract new talent should recognize diversity and enable inclusion. This is confirmed by a representative study by IU International University of Applied Sciences (IU), which surveyed more than 1,200 trainees and students across Germany.

From smart chatbots to apps that can write entire articles, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming an increasingly ubiquitous part of our lives. Michael Schon, a research associate at Wageningen University & Research, is designing an AI tool that can perform comparisons of non-coding RNA on plant genomes. The tool is expected to accelerate and simplify the future development of new plant varieties with greater resistance to drought or diseases, for example.

Complex projects are made up of many activities, the duration of which vary according to a power law; this model can be used to predict overall project duration and delay.

If the 21st century has proven anything to the United States electorate, it is that presidential elections are notoriously unpredictable affairs. The seeming randomness by which the country's electorate chooses its next president has only emboldened polling outlets, talking heads, and amateur psephologists to scrutinize every conceivable variable to give their respective electoral forecasting models a much-needed edge.

The LHC family of experiments continues to grow. Alongside the four main experiments, a new generation of smaller experiments is contributing to the search for particles predicted by theories beyond the Standard Model, our current theory of particle physics.

Need a moment of levity? Try watching videos of astronauts falling on the moon. NASA's outtakes of Apollo astronauts tripping and stumbling as they bounce in slow motion are delightfully relatable.

Satellite laser ranging (SLR) is one of the space geodetic techniques that uses lasers to measure the distance between ground stations and satellites with retroreflectors. This precise measurement provides critical data for determining the geocenter motion, terrestrial scale and Earth Rotation Parameters (ERP)—parameters fundamental to the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF).

Over the weekend of 10–12 May 2024, Earth was struck by the largest solar storm in more than a decade. While many of us enjoyed colorful auroras lighting up Earth's protective atmosphere, spacecraft had to endure being buffeted by incredibly strong solar winds and electromagnetic radiation.

Organic carbon in soil is linked to enhanced plant growth and to improved subsurface biodiversity, and it is a potential sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). Yet, injection of organic carbon into soil through various root processes is typically focused on small spatial regions, which can confound attempts to quantify the carbon and correlate it with various microenvironments that exist around plant roots.

Businesses influence the ideas they receive from external contributors by unintentionally signaling which ideas they like, finds research from ESMT Berlin and INSEAD. This leads to a narrow set of nondiverse ideas.

Methane, a greenhouse gas that contributes significantly to global warming, is also an important source of energy and an essential chemical resource. When used as a chemical feedstock, methane is typically converted into methanol first and then into hydrocarbons. However, this sequential conversion requires complex industrial setups. More importantly, since methane is a very stable molecule, its conversion into methanol requires tremendous amounts of energy when using conventional means, such as steam methane reforming.

Images from the JunoCam visible-light camera aboard NASA's Juno spacecraft supports the theory that the icy crust at the north and south poles of Jupiter's moon Europa is not where it used to be. Another high-resolution picture of the icy moon, by the spacecraft's Stellar Reference Unit (SRU), reveals signs of possible plume activity and an area of ice shell disruption where brine may have recently bubbled to the surface.