Free Speech Is Being Threatened — and Jews Will Pay the Price

In my youth, I always regarded free, reasoned, civilized speech to be one of the most important and positive features of Western societies. My education at school, university, and beyond, was always predicated on the freedom of expression and listening to another point of view. These days, you can offend people or make them feel insecure simply by expressing a different opinion.

This is a world that I neither recognize, nor feel comfortable in. Ever since Spinoza and then Karl Marx attacked religious dogma, I sympathized with their critiques. But Marxism in particular, so innovative in its day, introduced just as much dogma and intolerance as religion ever did. The pious certitude of this dogma became just as much a threat to society as did any other form of totalitarianism. Karl Popper’s magnificent book, The Open Society and its Enemies, became one of my seminal texts at a time when we were recoiling from both fascism and Stalinism, then as now.

An earlier influential book was The Rise and Fall of the Roman Empire by Edward Gibbon, who showed how an advanced great society could rise and fall when it lost its moral compass. A period of phenomenal rise is often followed by a dramatic decline. It happened to Rome, it happened to Spain, and unless the current trends are reversed, it could happen to both Europe and the United States.

Indeed, one can see similar cycles in Jewish history. Periods of growth, expansion, and cultural and spiritual Jewish flourishing, were interspersed and often destroyed by corruption and ignoring criticism, rebuke, and blaming others instead of looking internally.

In Judaism’s case, catastrophic failure led in turn to a reappraisal of values and methods that encouraged Talmudic discussion and encouraged disagreement. It was said of the great disagreements between the schools of Hillel and Shammai that arguments never got personal, “That did not stop them from marrying each other “(Yevamot 14 a&b).

Listening to another point of view, respectfully, and allowing them to finish without interruption is lauded in the Mishna.

I recall a debate at YAKAR in London over 25 years ago, when civilized disagreement was sometimes possible. Two Israeli reservists, typically secular, who refused to serve in the West Bank, were putting their point of view in a forum for discussion. And I agreed with some of their points.

The opposing point of view was ably and forcefully put by a representative of the Israeli right wing. Occasionally he had to be brought to order for his excitability.

But his arguments were impressive, too. I found myself, as I often do, in the middle. As often happens, there was neither consensus nor agreement.

But we now inhabit a different world. One in which intellectually blinkered cliques call for the destruction of Jews, and no one bats an eyelid. We expect nothing from politicians — and Lord knows Israeli politics is no paragon of good practices — but almost everywhere, hatred of Israel as a political tool is now the norm.

Thanks to the technological progress we have, such as the Internet and social networks, we have more access to ideas than ever before, and yet there are more closed minds and less of an ability to hear, let alone consider, another point of view.

We are regressing towards chaos. Will the so-called civilized world now sink back to totalitarianism or barbarism? There is a real danger. I pray we see the signs and do something before it is too late.

The author is a writer and rabbi, currently based in New York.

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