National Geographic: "The more white Americans are outnumbered and see their way of life threatened, the more they live like whites"
Outnumbered is a word that came up often when I talked with white residents of this eastern Pennsylvania town. Outnumbered in the waiting room at the doctor's office. Outnumbered at the bank. Outnumbered at the Kmart, where the cashier merrily chitchats in Spanish with Hazleton's newer residents.
Hazleton was another former coal mining town slipping into decline until a wave of Latinos arrived. It would not be an overstatement to say a tidal wave. In 2000 Hazleton's 23,399 residents were 95 percent non-Hispanic white and less than 5 percent Latino. By 2016 Latinos became the majority, composing 52 percent of the population, while the white share plunged to 44 percent.
"We joke about it and say we are in the minority now," says Bob Sacco, a bartender at A&L Lounge, a tavern on a street now mainly filled with Latino-owned storefronts. "They took over the city. We joke about it all the time, but it's more than a joke."
That dizzying shift is an extreme manifestation of the nation's changing demographics. The U.S. Census Bureau has projected that non-Hispanic whites will make up less than 50 percent of the population by 2044, a change that almost certainly will recast American race relations and the role and status of white Americans, who have long been a comfortable majority.
Hazleton's experience offers a glimpse into the future as white Americans confront the end of their majority status, which often has meant that their story, their traditions, their tastes, and their cultural aesthetic were seen as being quintessentially American. This is a conversation already exploding across the country as some white Americans, in online forums and protests over the removal of Confederate monuments, react anxiously and angrily to a sense that their way of life is under threat.
Since 2000, the minority population has grown to outnumber the population of whites who aren't Hispanic in such counties as Suffolk in Massachusetts, Montgomery in Maryland, Mecklenburg in North Carolina, as well as counties in California, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, New Jersey, and Texas.
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"We know in sociology when community identity is challenged or questioned in some way, the community asserts and defends that identity," Longazel says. "With Hazleton's changing demographics and persistent economic decline, the community began to see itself as white. The city reasserted its identity as white." Longazel thinks that same psychology might be emerging on a national level.
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2018/04/race-rising-anxiety-white-america/